悬浮填料强化污水生物处理的实际作用揭示

Effect of Suspended Carriers on Enhancing Biological Wastewater Treatment

向常规活性污泥反应器中投加悬浮填料,理论上讲可以增加单位反应器体积内的生物量,从而强化反应器对污染物的净化能力。然而,无论是自有试验还是参考文献,目前似乎还不能完全肯定悬浮填料对污染物去除的真实强化作用。从自有试验入手,将填料归类为微观比表面积与表观比表面积两种类型填料,剖析近年来国内外较为广泛应用的悬浮填料在污水生物处理过程中的实际净化效果。试验及文献调研发现,主要由内部孔隙构成超大比表面积的微观比表面积填料仅仅在挂膜初期有着有限的强化作用;一旦挂膜孔隙堵塞,强化效果则很难显现。相比之下,比表面积小的表观比表面填料在特定进水条件下可以展示出一定的强化作用。因此,悬浮填料对污水净化的强化作用还有待于进一步探讨。

Adding suspended carriers into reactors with activated sludge can theoretically increase biomass in reactors and thus enhance pollutant removal. Based on both our experiment and other investi-gated experiments, the enhanced purification caused by carriers seems neutral. According to our experi-ment, carriers are categorized into two types： micro-specific surface area （micro-SSA） and macro-specif-ic surface area （macro-SSA）. The real effects of extensively used carriers in the enhanced purification were analyzed. Both our experiment and other investigated experiments revealed that micro-SSA carriers had limited enhanced purification only at the initial phase of biofilm growth ; as soon as all fine pores were blocked up, the enhanced purification would hardly be observed. Relatively, macro-SSA carriers could have certain enhanced purification under specific influent conditions. It was thus concluded that enhanced purification of suspended carriers still needed to be fully studied.