马克思哲学的现实性和彻底性转向——马克思《〈黑格尔法哲学批判〉导言》新探

On the Turning of Marx’s Philosophy to Its Reality and Thoroughness

《〈黑格尔法哲学批判〉导言》是后期海德格尔极为关注并提出许多质疑之作,国内外学者对其中一些论断也存在普遍的误读。其实,马克思在其中表述了德国哲学在宗教批判结束之后,黑格尔哲学也仅仅达到"对宗教的批判变成对法的批判,对神学的批判变成对政治的批判",其所代表的德国哲学表现出了不彻底性和非现实性。在此基础上,马克思提出了通过实践以"达到人的高度的革命",由此展示出马克思哲学的现实性和彻底性转向,并在现实性中实现哲学和无产阶级的人类回归。

Marx’s ‘The Preamble Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right’ is a work on which Heidegger had raised many questions at his later stage.The domestic and foreign scholars have had a lot general misunderstanding in some theses.Actually,Marx expressed therein that the German philosophy appeared after the end of the criti cism towards religion,and Hegel also reached only the aspect to change the criticism of religion to be a criti cism of law and to be a criticism of politics,so the German philosophy represented by Hegel reflects a charac teristics of non-thoroughness and non-reality.On the basis of it,Marx put forward an opinion letting ‘a revolution reach the altitude of human being’ though practice,which shows the turning of his philosophy to its reality and thoroughness,in addition to realizing the return of philosophy and proletariat back to the status of human being.