中高轨道卫星离轨参数研究

Study on Deorbit Elements of Medium Earth Orbit Satellites

介绍了国际上对卫星离轨的处置政策以及美国NASA对GPS卫星离轨参数的研究结论。从确保卫星离轨期间以及离轨后与相邻轨道卫星不发生碰撞的角度出发,针对我国中高轨道运行的卫星,按照不同初始轨道参数对卫星离轨后长达200年的时间内各轨道参数的演化情况进行研究,研究结果表明:卫星离轨的近地点幅角初值的选取与升交点赤经密切相关。最后提出了对我国中高轨道卫星离轨高度、偏心率和近地点辐角等参数的选取建议,希望能为到达寿命末期的中高轨道卫星离轨工作提供参考。

At first the post mission disposal policy and the study on GPS disposal orbit elements by NASA are introduced in the article. With regard to avoidance of collision with other neighbor- ing satellites, a study on the evolution over 200 year disposal orbit elements with different initial parameters is presented. Results show that the initial argument of perigee depends on the right ascension of ascending node. Finally a suggestion about the altitude, eccentricity and argument of the perigee of Chinese MEO satellites disposal orbit is presented, which can be as reference for the post mission disposal.