经短信强化的慢病健康教育对社区居民知信行的影响

Intervention effects of improved health education for chronic diseases by the mobile phone short message service on knowledge,attitude and practice of residents in community

目的评估经手机短信强化的健康教育与单纯常规的健康教育对社区居民在慢病相关的知识-态度-行为(KAP)水平上的影响。方法将2011年7月至2012年7月的395位社区居民随机分成常规教育组(197例)和强化教育组(198例),常规教育组采用传统的健康教育方式,强化教育组加用经短信强化的健康教育方式。应用自制问卷对两组居民教育前后进行调查,比较两组在健康教育前后的慢病KAP水平变化。结果无论常规教育组还是强化教育组居民,接受健康教育后慢病KAP水平均较教育前有程度不等的提高。对于问卷中"糖尿病的降糖目标"、"自己的标准体重""、推广中医适宜技术的好处"以及"血脂的正常值"4项知识内容,强化教育组改善率(分别为51.4%、31.3%、39.5%、32.1%)明显高于常规教育组(分别为28.0%、15.1%、23.0%、18.0%),差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为11.44、7.28、6.31、5.29,P<0.01,P<0.05);对于"愿意接受慢病的知识宣教"这项内容,强化教育组改善率达到100%,明显高于常规教育组(66.7%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=40.00,P<0.01);"每人每天<6g食盐"、"吸烟者成功戒烟"、"慢病患者规范治疗"3项行为的改善率(分别为45.0%、36.5%、36.6%)也明显高于常规教育组(分别为21.8%、16.1%、17.2%),差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为12.10、10.74、9.57,P<0.01)。结论健康教育是改善社区居民慢病KAP水平的有效方法,经短信强化的健康教育方式在慢病健康教育中具有更加明显的效果。

Objective To assess the effects of the mobile phone short message service （SMS） improved health education by SMS and simple routine health education on knowledge ,attitude and practice （KAP） of community residents for chronic non-communicable diseases, Methods The subjects （395 residents ） were randomly divided into group 1 （routine education group, 197 cases） and group 2 （improved education group, 198 cases） during 2011 July to 2012 July. The traditional health education was used in group 1. The improved health education via SMS was utilized in group 2. Self-designed questionnaire was performed in present investigation. The differences of KAP levels for chronic diseases between two groups were compared. Results After health education, the KAP levels for chronic diseases in two groups were improved to different extension. The improved rates of four indexes （i,e.＂diabetes hypoglycemic goal＂,＂own standard weight＂,＂benefits of proper technology of traditional Chinese medicine＂ and ＂normal values of blood lipid＂） in group 2 were 51.4%, 31.3%, 39.5% and 32.1% ,respectively, which were significantly higher than those（28,0%, 15.1%, 23.0% and 18.0% ） in groupl （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）. The improvement rate for＂Willing to accept the chronic disease education＂ in group 2 was 100% which was significantly higher than that （66.7%） in groupl （P〈0.01）. The improvement rates for ＂control of salt intake per person per day 〈 6 g＂, ＂smokers quit smoking＂ and ＂chronic disease standardized treatment＂ in group 2 were 45.0%, 36.5% and 36.6%, respectively, which were which were significantly higher than those（ 21.8%, 16.1% and 17.2%） in groupl （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Health education is an effective way to improve the chronic diseases KAP levels of community residents.The improved health education via SMS for chronic disease has the more obvious effects.