首次心肌梗死患者急性期压力感受的现象学研究

Stress perception among patients with acute myocardial infarction during the acute stage： the phe-nomenological method of qualitative study

目的探索首次心肌梗死患者急性期内的压力感受。方法采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法，对18例首次发生急性心肌梗死患者在发病后3-4d急性期进行深度访谈，并采用现象学分析法分析资料。结果首次急性心肌梗死患者在急性期有很多压力体验，包括难以接受患病的事实，对疾病治疗过程焦虑，担心疾病对今后家庭及社会生活的影响，改变生活习惯的困难，难以排解负性情绪等。结论首次急性心肌梗死患者在急性期会面临多方面的心理压力，护理人员应根据患者压力感受和压力来源，进行系统的压力管理。

Objective To explore the stress perception among acute myocardial infarction （AMI） pa- tients during acute stage. Methods Phenomenological method of qualitative study was adopted. 18 AMI pa- tients during the acute stage of 3--4 days after the onset of the disease were interviewed. Results Stress made AMI patients hard to accept the fact of illness, worry about the treatment of illness and the impact on future life, be difficult to alter living habits,be hard to relieve negative emotion. Conclusions AMI pa- tients during acute stage will experience different levels of psychological stress. ＂Stress management＂ should be fabricated and effective measures should be adopted to relieve their negative emotions in terms of induc- ing factors.