立式磨床横梁结构优选设计比较研究——基于模糊综合评价法、TOPSIS法和灰色关联分析法

A comparative study on priority design of beam of vertical grinding machine : based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method , TOPSIS and grey correlation method

为了合理、高效地进行结构改进及优选设计,采用了模糊综合评价方法、TOPSIS法和灰关联法对多种备选方案进行综合分析.确定评价指标,建立原始数据矩阵;然后采用层次分析法得出各评价指标的权重系数,根据可适应设计原则建立多个评价目标基于上述3种方法的综合性能评价函数,总结3种方法的特点.以某大型立式磨床的横梁设计方案为例,将其12种变型作为评价目标,采用Ansys Workbench有限元分析,将其质量及动静热态特性作为评价指标,编程计算出前述3种方法下12种评价目标的评价结果向量并进行对比,并选出综合考虑3种方法评价结果下的最优方案.结果证明3种方法评选结果基本一致,并且与实际生产所选择方案吻合.比较研究得出,从对结果区分的明显程度来看,模糊综合法最优,其次是灰关联法,TOPSIS法最差.

In order to get a reasonable and effective adaptable structure design solution, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution （TOPSIS） and grey correlation method were adopted to evaluate various schemes synthetically. The evaluation index was determined, the original data matrix was established, then weight coefficients of different index were fixed based on the theory of analytic hierarchy process（AHP）, according to the principle of adaptable design, comprehensive performance evaluation functions based on three methods were created, the characteristics of the three methods were summarized. A large vertical grinding machine beam design was taken as an example, the 12 kinds of forms were taken as evaluation targets, the Ansys Workbench software was used to do finite element analysis of dynamic, static and thermal performances of various beams. Programs were compiled to calculate evaluation results under the 3 methods, then the results were compared to determine optimal plan. Results show there are little differences among the 3 methods, and it is fitted to practical selected scheme. Through the comparison, we draw the conclusion： fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is optimal, followed by grey correlation method, TOPSIS method is the worst.