颈部异位胸腺瘤一例并文献复习

Ectopic Thymoma in the Neck: A Case Report and Literature Review

目的探讨异位胸腺瘤的临床特点、诊治要点及预后。方法结合相关文献资料对我院收治的1例颈部异位胸腺瘤的诊治过程进行回顾性分析。结果患者因左颈部肿块3年,增大半年,伴呼吸、吞咽困难入院。多次行肿块穿刺,结合胸部X线片、增强CT扫描考虑颈部肿瘤性病变,行手术治疗,术后病理诊断为左颈部AB型胸腺瘤(Ⅰ期)。出院后未行放化疗,随访6个月无肿瘤复发。结论异位胸腺瘤术前易误诊,手术切除是其确诊和治疗的主要手段,术后病理类型、分期等因素与肿瘤预后相关,并决定是否应辅以放化疗。

Objective To explore clinical features, key points of diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of eetopic thymoma. Methods The diagnosis and treatment process of a patient with ectopic thymoma in the neck in our hospital was retrospectively analyzed with related literatures. Results The patient was admitted for dysphagia and dyspnea caused by a mass of left neck for three years, and grew obviously in the last six months. Tumor puncture was performed several times. The patient was diagnosed as having tumor eolli lesion by results of chest x-ray film and enhancement CT. An operation was performed, and postoperative pathologic di-agnosis was type AB thymoma （stage I） in left neck. Neither radiation nor chemotherapy was given after the operation. The tumor did not recur during follow-up for six months. Conclusion Ectopic thymoma is easy to be misdiagnosed before surgery, and surgical ablation is the preferred method of final diagnosis and treatment. The postoperative pathologic types and stages of tumor related to prognosis may decide whether further radiation or chemotherapy may be needed.