基于FLUENT的精密数控车床静压导轨设计及优化

Study of Design and Optimization of Hydrostatic Slide for Precision CNC Lathe Based on Fluent

针对精密机床提出滑块式静压导轨结构,根据详细结构设计以及设计要求计算系统参数,建立了以系统总功率损耗最低为优化目标函数的优化模型,求解最优化黏度参数,减少了约30%的功率损耗。进而针对油腔结构进行优化,基于FLUENT建立了油腔流场分析模型,根据分析结果提出了油腔内部非层流模型,以及矩形油腔截面直角的切割作用会在一定程度上加快油液变质、节流器堵塞,并针对油腔结构进行优化,改善了内部流场特性,降低切割作用造成的影响。

A modular slide-type hydrostatic guide aiming at the precision computer numerical control （CNC） lathe was presen- ted, which detail structural design and system parameters calculation was completed as required. By taking the minimum total system power consumption as the optimization objective function, the optimal model of system was established, the optimal sticky parameters were solved and the power consumption was reduced by about 30%. Then, the oil pocket structure was aimed for optimization, and the CFD analysis model of oil pocket was established based on the FLUENT. According to the analysis results, the non-laminar model of hydrostatic in the oil pocket was presented, and the oil deterioration and restrictor plugging will be accelerated by the cutting action at right angles of cross section in rectangular oil pocket. Moreover, the structure of oil pocket was aimed for optimization, the internal flow characteristics are improved and the impact due to cutting action is reduced.