膜蒸馏过程传递机理研究进展(Ⅳ)渗透膜蒸馏

Progress of research on transfer mechanism in membrane distillation(Ⅳ) Osmotic membrane distillation

渗透膜蒸馏(OMD)作为一种新型分离技术受到越来越广泛的关注.对近20年来国内外在OMD方面的研究工作进行了综述,评述了该膜过程的传质、传热机理、实验研究及过程模拟方面的主要成果,分析了膜过程的影响因素,包括渗透剂和待处理料液的性质、浓度、流速、温度以及膜形态参数等.就该领域未来的研究提出了一些建议,认为将反渗透(RO)海水淡化、膜蒸馏浓缩RO浓水和以高含盐浓水作为OMD的渗透剂等三个膜过程集成,可以避免高浓盐水大规模排放可能引起的环境与生态问题.

As a novel separation technique, osmotic membrane distillation （OMD） has attracted increasing attention. The studies on OMD in the recent 20 years were reviewed. The progresses in mass and heat transfer mechanism, experimental study and process simulation were discussed. Furthermore, the effects of process factors such as the properties, concentration, velocity and temperature of osmotic agent and feed solution as well as structural parameters of membrane on performance of OMD were analyzed. Finally, some suggestions for future research were put forward. It is expected that the of brine desalination by reverse osmosis （RO）, further concentration of RO concentrated solution by membrane distillation （MD） and employing the high-salt water produced by MD as osmotic agent in OMD could avoid the environmental and ecological problems caused by the great discharging of high-salt water.