汉英特殊被动句对比研究——基于事件语义框架

Comparative Study of Chinese and English Peculiar Passives:Based on the Framework of the Event Semantics

基于事件语义框架和Davidson事件论元抑制这一分析机制,对于汉英特殊被动句进行了对比研究。汉英特殊被动句的句法和语义有某些相通之处。句法上,均可以违背被动化特有的句法条件,而语义均倾向于表述主语的某种特征或持久性状态。特征读取取决于一种抽象的运作机制:事件论元抑制。事件抑制把舞台层面事件转变为个体层面状态。汉英特殊被动句在特征描写形成机制方面既有共性又有差异。

On the basis of the framework of the event semantics and the analysis mechanism of the Davidson event ar- gument suppression, Chinese and English peculiar passives have been studied from the comparative perspective. Chi- nese and English peculiar passives have some syntactic and semantic similarities. Neither obey the usual syntactic conditions that hold for ordinary passives. And they depict the subject＇s characteristic property or long-lasting state. The reading of property depends on an abstract operation mechanism： the suppression of event arguments. The Ev- suppression results in the transformation from stage-level event to individual-level state. As for the formation mecha- nism of property description, English and Chinese peculiar passives have both similarities and differences.