帝国无赞,王朝有佳——试论北宋王朝与大明帝国不同的历史模式

On Different Historical Patterns of Northern Song Dynasty and the Ming Empire

从宏观上来讲,在汉唐建政之前,都存在过短命的王朝,它们很好地解决了游牧民族侵扰的问题,而北宋没有这个福分。驱使北方民族向南扩张的动力,是生存环境的压力和追求财富的欲望。在恶劣环境下生长的游牧民族,其求生本能、战斗意志、群体意识和献身精神都远远超越那些生活在优裕环境中的农耕民族。以上因素,是导致北宋未能建立起幅员辽阔的大帝国之最主要的几个原因。

Based on a macroscopic point of view, administrative setup of the Han and Tang Dynasty. These invasion magnificently, but the Northern Song Dynasty does surroundings and desire of wealth become the driving there exits ephemeral dynasties can solve the not have these blessings. force leading Northern dynasties before the problems of nomads＇ The pressure of living ethnic groups expand southward. Growing under severe environment, the nomads gain a superior survival instinct, fighting will, group consciousness and devotion to the agricultural people living in comfort. All above factors become the uppermost causes leading the Northern Song Dynasty fails to establish a vast empire.