论题学与法官确定意见之形成

Topics and the Formation of Judge’s Determined Opinion

制定法律的时候,立法者的法律是确定的、有体系的,只是在面对具体案件的时候,司法者才可能遇到疑难,法律才可能变得不确定。法律论题是法律判断的论据(前提),是个案中遇到的问题。司法过程中,我们质疑的不是抽象的法律,而是具体个案中的法律或论证,它应当而且能够在司法过程中被质疑,司法的权威因疑问被消除而确立,司法的权威因法官能够说理敢于说理而确立。论题学方法为个案寻找前提而准备视角,帮助法官形成确定意见,避免法官面对疑难案件时的恣意。

The topic method prepares angle of view and its contents to seek premise for the case, helping the judge to have determined opinion and avoiding the willfulness of the judges while facing difficult cases. In the judicial process, what we question is not the law of the abstract legislators, but the law or proof in individual cases, it must and can be questioned in the judicial process＇, the judicature＇ s authority is established through the elimination of the questions, and the judicature＇ s authority is established because the judge can reason and dare to reason things.