错位的调和——德沃金政治哲学中的自由、平等与自主

The Malposed Reconciliation——Liberty,Equality and Autonomy in Ronald Dworkin's Political Philosophy

自由与平等是当代自由主义的两大核心价值,如何协调、安顿两者之间的冲突也随之成为自由主义理论家们需要解决的基本问题。罗纳德·德沃金试图通过两种不同方式来解决这一问题,然而他的解决方案预设了一种特殊的自由观。这种观念忽视了作为自由之基础的个人自主,错误地理解了自由与自由的价值。不仅如此,德沃金对平等作为至高价值的认定与论证,事实上也是以个人自主为基础的。因此,无论是自由还是平等,归根结底都源于自由主义对个人自主的根本承诺,德沃金的主张不过是对这三种价值的错位调和。

Liberty and equality are two of the core values in contemporary liberalism,and it has already become the main problem of the liberal theorist that how to coordinate and settle their conflict.Dworkin attempted to resolve this problem by two different ways,but his solution presupposed a particular conception of freedom.This conception ignored personal autonomy,which was the foundation of liberty,so it had misunderstood liberty and its value.Moreover,in fact,Dworkin's insistence on the equality as the sovereign value was on the ground of personal autonomy as well.Therefore,in the deepest level,both liberty and equality are derived from the liberalism's fundamental commitment to personal autonomy,Dworkin's claim was just the malposed reconciliation of these values.