曝气增氧对锯缘青蟹养殖环境及产量的影响

Effects of aeration on culture environment and yield of mud crabs Scylla serrate

以曝气增氧改善锯缘青蟹养殖环境为目的,研究了不同曝气增氧方式对养殖塘水质、底质及锯缘青蟹产量的影响。结果表明:与对照塘相比,引入曝气增氧之后,可使养殖塘水体中的NH4+-N降低13.233%～32.212%,硫化物的含量降低17.742%～35.398%,但对于水体中的NO2--N和DO的影响不大。对底质来说,曝气增氧可使底质中的有机质含量降低11.799%～11.477%,硫化物的含量降低约9.726%,并使ORP电位上升0.575%～16.812%。此外,曝气增氧可提高青蟹亩产量一倍多,并使养殖规格也略大。曝气增氧对锯缘青蟹养殖环境及产量有明显的促进作用,但其使用参数及成本的优化、对青蟹生理的影响、对养殖塘水体生态的影响等方面,需要进一步深入研究。

To improve the culture environment of mud crab Scylla serrata by aeration,the effects of different aeration methods on the water quality and sediments of culture ponds and crab yield were studied in this paper. Results showed that comparing with control culture ponds, while aeration was operated in the experiment ponds,the concentration of NH4＊-N in culture water could be reduced about 3.233%-32.212%,concentration of sulfide could be reduced about 17.742%-35.398%,but the NO2--N and DO was not obviously influenced;the organic matter in the sediment was reduced 11.799%-11.477%, the sulfide sediments was reduced about 9.726%, while the ORP was enhanced 0.575%-16.812% at the same time;besides,the yield of mud crab was improved to one times more in the aeration pond,also the crab size bigger. Conclusion could be made that aeration can promote the mud crab culture environment and yield, but further studies should be made to learn the optimal aeration operation parameters and operation cost, the effects of aeration on the mud crab physiological and the aquatic ecological system in the culture pond.