基于善治的“主动民主建设”:以不丹为例

Voluntarist Democratic Construction Based on Good Governance: Bhutan as a Case

对我国而言,不丹这个神秘的邻居最近几年因独特的国民幸福总值理念越来越受到关注。相比而言,不丹2008年的民主化转型却被关注不多。在很多人眼里,这是一个自然而然的过程。但在民主化理论的谱系中却很难为不丹经验找到一个合适位置。按照民主化理论传统的结构化视角和行动者视角,都不能很好地解释不丹民主化动力与过程。论文认为,不丹是一个典型的"主动民主建设"的案例,不仅得益于开明君主,更重要的是建立了善治的基础。从这一点看,不丹的主动民主建设经验丰富了民主化理论。

Due to the idea of Gross National Happiness, Bhutan, the mysterious neighbor of China,has drawn the attention of the Chinese people in past several years. But we seemed not to pay as much attention to the democratization of Bhutan in 2008 as to the GNH,since many of us thought it was a matter of course. But for political scientists,there is no position for Bhutan in the genealogy of the democratic theory. Neither the traditional,structuralist approach nor the agency approach can explain the cause and process of Bhutan's democratization. The paper suggests Bhutan is a typical case of 'Voluntarist Democratic Construction '. The enlightened kings are important factors,but good governance is the more important factor. In this sense, Bhutan's experience contributes to the development of the democratic theory.