粤东农村住宅室内热环境及热舒适现场研究

Indoor Environment and Thermal Comfort in Rural Houses in East Guangdong of China

对粤东地区农村住宅进行了448人次的热舒适现场调研,实测了室内空气温度、相对湿度、黑球温度和风速等热环境参数,并记录了热感觉、热可接受度、热期望。居民服装热阻与ET*呈二次多项式的关系。居民的热感觉与空气温度(ta)、操作温度(top)、新有效温度(ET*)呈较好的线性关系,由此建立了粤东地区农村居民的热感觉模型。模型显示,粤东地区农村居民夏季的中性温度分别为26.4℃(ta)、26.7℃(top)、28.5℃(ET*),80%可接受温度上限为29.0℃(ta)、29.4℃(top)、31.2℃(ET*)。此外,研究结果表明"灰空间"中的期望温度比"绝对空间"高0.6℃,说明使用者在灰空间比在绝对空间有更低的期望基准,现代农村住宅应保留传统建筑中设置适量灰空间的建筑特色。

A 448 person-time field survey of thermal comfort was conducted in rural houses in east Guangdong in 2011-2012,during which the environmental parameters including air tempreture,relative humidity,globe tempreture and air velocity were recorded and the thermal sensation,acceptability and preference of inhabitants were collected.Clothing insulation was found to be a quadratic function of indoor ET＊.Thermal sensation was found to be in good linear relationship with air /operation /new effective temperatures,based on which thermal sensation models were established for local inhabitants in rural area.The model shows that the neutral temperature is 26.4℃（ta）,26.7℃（top）,and 28.5℃（ET＊） respectively,and the upper boundary of the 80% acceptable temperature range is 29.0℃（ta）,29.4℃（top）,and 31.2℃（ET＊）in summer respectively.In addition,the preferred temperature in ＂gray spaces＂ is higher than that in ＂absolute spaces＂ in amount of 0.6℃,indicating that people have lower thermal expectations in gray spaces.Therefore,the architectural features that sets right amount of gray space in traditional architecture should be retained in modern rural residential buildings.