引黄入晋工程测量坐标系统设计与应用

DESIGN AND APPLICATION OF SURVEYING COORDINATEING SYSTEM IN THE YELLOW RIVER DIVERSION PROJECT

引黄入晋工程全长 5 38.78km ,跨越经差达到了 1°5 2′ (相当于经向宽度达到 2 0 0多公里 ) ,工程海拔高度 90 0～ 1890m ,其高差达到 990m ,工程比高达到 6 48m。工程的施工测量精度普遍要求较高 ,某些特殊工程 (例如 ,超长隧洞的贯通、大型水工建筑物的放样、地下泵站的施工等 )的施工测量精度要求更高。因此 ,在引黄入晋工程施工测量中 ,为了满足工程的整体布置和局部放样的高精度之需要 ,选用了标准高斯坐标系、局部高斯坐标系和施工坐标系等 3套测量坐标系 ,介绍了这 3套坐标系的设计 ,并重点对其应用进行了论述。

The Yellow River Diversion Project is 538.78 km long and goes through many mountains, with the altitude of 900 m to 1 890 m, which have 1°52′ longitude difference(equal to more than 200 km in longitude).So it has 990 m altitude difference.The difference height of engineering has 648 m.However,construction survey accuracy of project must be very high,some special engineeringi's accuracy (such as super long tunnel break through,large hydrology building set out and underground pump house construction) demanded even higher.So it has been chosen standard Gauss coordinate system,locally Gauss coordinate system and constructional coordinate system in order to satisfy the high accuracy demand of whole engineering placing andocally location in Yellow River Diversion Project construction surveying.In this paper the designing of three coordinate systems has been introduced,and their application has been discussed. [