家庭养育环境对低出生体质量儿健康相关生活质量的影响研究

The influence of home environment on the health-related quality of life in children with low birth weight

目的了解家庭养育环境对早产低出生体质量儿健康相关生活质量的影响,为该群体的家庭健康干预提供理论依据。方法由1～3岁早产低出生体质量儿(LBW组)以及足月正常出生体质量儿(NBW组)的主要带养人完成家庭养育环境问卷和TNO-AZL Preschool Children Quality of Life(TAPQoL)问卷,并进行分析比较。结果共完成147份问卷,LBW组78份,NBW组69份。无论是LBW组还是NBW组,大部分家庭的养育环境在中等及以上水平,LBW组家庭社会适应环境、忽视和语言环境均低于NBW组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组健康相关生活质量(HR-QoL)得分均较高,均达总分的70%以上。家庭养育环境与LBW组的HR-QoL无相关性(P>0.05)。结论家庭养育环境对LBW的HR-QoL无影响,但家庭环境教育和忽视环境的建设仍值得进一步探讨。

Objectives To evaluate the influence of home environment on the health-related quality of life （HR-QoL） in premature children with low birth weight （LBW）, and to provide theoretical basis for family health intervention. Methods A self-administrated TNO-AZL Preschool Children Quality of Life questionnaire （TAPQoL） and Home Nurture Environment questionnaire were completed by the main caregivers of premature children with LBW and of normal birth weight （NBW） full-term controls between the ages of 1 and 3 years, and then all questionnaires were analyzed. Results A total of 147 （78 in LBW group and 69 in NBW group） questionnaires were completed. Majority of the participants were rearing in the moderate to good family environment. Comparing with the NBW group, the scores of socialization, negligence and language environ- ment were significantly lower in LBM group （P〈0.05）. The scores of HR-QoL in both groups were rather high and reached more than 70% of the total score. There was no significant difference between family nurture environment and health-related quality of life in LBW group （P〉0.05）. Conclusions No direct impact of family environment is found on the HR-QoL of the children with LBW. However, the improvement of the home environment is still worthy of further exploration.