急进高原后劳动作业的现场人体实验

Field experiments of human subjects exposed rapidly to high altitude

目的:观察平原人急进高原后立即开展工作的高原反应发生和工作完成情况,探索平原部队急进高原后执行应急任务的急性高原病(AMS)防治措施。方法:3批从平原(海拔500 m)乘飞机进入高原(海拔3 680、4 300 m)的11名研究对象,年龄28～55岁,男性8名,女性3名,除1名女性外,其余均有高原短暂生活史。在进入高原后,立即开展轻度劳动强度以下的工作。在他们进入高原后的前3 d,每晚逐日进行高原反应症状调查和评分,并观察他们的工作完成情况。结果:5人出现轻度高原反应症状,评分2～4分,未发生AMS;其余6人未出现高原反应症状。11人均圆满完成预期工作任务,未发生其他异常反应。结论:平原人急进高原后,对AMS的预防不应局限在"静态"的防治措施上,有医学保护的前提下,可以立即开展轻度劳动强度以下的工作。

Objective：To explore the preventive strategy for acute mountain sickness （AMS） for those troops rapidly exposed to high altitude from plain. Methods： A total of 11 subjects including 8 males and 3 females aged 28 -55 were selected. Besides 1 female, others have had brief stay in plateau. After exposed to high altitude （3680 and 4300m） from plain （500m） by airplane, three batches of subjects immediately carried out their tasks of low - grade labor intensity. Every night within 3 days after exposion, symptoms of high altitude reaction were ob- served and scores were given while the work quality they finished was investigated. Results： Five subjects showed symptoms and signs of high altitude reaction and the scores were 2 to 4, but no one suffered from AMS. No obvious symptoms and signs were observed in others. All of 11 subjects finished their scheduled work satisfactorily and no other abnormality was observed. Conclusion： After entering high altitude from plain, people should not be con- fined to ＂stop motion＂ to prevent from AMS. At least they could do some works of low - grade labor intensity at once under correct medical protection.