广西河池地区仫佬族7-15岁正常儿童青少年跟骨超声骨密度及其影响因素

Normal calcaneus bone mineral density in children and adolescents aged from 7 to 15 years in Mulao nationality in Hechi and its influencing factors

目的：了解仫佬族学生超声骨密度的变化规律及其影响因素。方法：按年龄进行分组，以1岁作为1个年龄段。采用定量超声技术（OUS）N定长居广西河池市罗城县四把镇的956名（男465，女491）7-15岁正常儿童的跟骨QUS参数超声振幅衰减系数（BUA），同时测量受检者身高和体质量。结果：7-15岁仫佬族男、女学生BUA值随年龄的增长而增加。男、女生各年龄段的BUA值差异无统计学意义，同性别相邻的2个年龄组间无统计学意义，同年龄不同性别间亦无统计学意义。7-15岁男、女生BUA与年龄、身高、体质量和BMI均呈正相关（P〈0．01），年龄、身高和体质量是超声骨密度参数的主要决定因素。结论：年龄、身高和体质量是影响儿童青少年骨密度的重要因素；本研究获得仫佬族学生定量超声BUA正常参考值，为仫佬族儿童少年骨质疏松症诊疗提供依据，为指导和改善仫佬族学生钙营养提供依据。

Objective： To understand the change pattern of the calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation （BUA） in normal Mulao population aged from 7 to 15 years and its correlation factors. Methods： A total of 956 healthy Mulao children （465 males and 491 females） aged from 7 to 15 years from 3 primary schools in Locheng country in Hechi city were submitted to measure the calcaneal BUA by using osteospace dry ultrasound bone densitometer. And then, the calcaneal BUA was analyzed statistically to explore the correlation with the height, weight and body mass according to age and gender. Results： The BUA values in Mulao children were increased with age. And, there were no significant differences in BUA between the same gender consecutive age group and the same age dissimilarity gender group. There was a positive correlation between BUA of 7-15-year old children of Mulao nationality and age, height, weight, BMI; The age, height and weight were major determinant for bone mineral density. Conclusion： This finding provides a normal reference to evaluate the bone strength in children and adolescents of Mulao nationality, which is correlated to the age, height and weight. Additionally, this reference offers a basis for diagno- sing osteoporosis.