2007-2011年陕西省流行性腮腺炎流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis on mumps in Shaanxi Province from 2007 to 2011

目的了解陕西省流行性腮腺炎的流行病学特征,为进一步防控提供参考依据。方法对陕西省2007-2011年流行性腮腺炎报告病例和暴发疫情资料进行描述性分析。结果 2007-2011年陕西省流行性腮腺炎年平均发病率为29.79/10万,每年4～7月和11月至翌年1月为2个发病高峰,男女发病率比为1.56∶1,病例主要集中在3～14岁儿童,流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情主要发生在学校,尤其是小学。结论陕西省流行性腮腺炎发病率较高,学龄儿童是发病的主要人群,学校聚集性发病为其主要特征。应进一步完善儿童麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹(mea-sles-mumps-rubella,MMR)联合疫苗的免疫接种,加强对学校、幼托机构的防控力度,建议在入学、入托时查验接种证并对未免疫儿童进行补种,并做好暴发疫情的早期处置,有效降低流行性腮腺炎发病率。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Shaanxi Province and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of mumps. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis were conduc- ted on the incidence and outbreak data of mumps collected from 2007 to 2011. Results The annual average incidence of mumps was 29. 79/100 000. The two incidence peaks were in every Apirl to July and November to next Jannuary. The male to female ratio of the cases was 1.56 to 1. The cases occurred in children aged from 3 to 14 years and the outbreaks mainly occurred in schools, especially in the primary schools. Conclusions The incidence of mumps is higher in Shaanxi Prov- ince. School children are the major groups of incidence. Aggregation of attacks is the main characteristics in school. It is necessary to improve the use of measles-mumps-rubella （MMR） combined vaccine in children and strengthen the mumps prevention and control in schools and child care settings. Check the inoculation certificate and vaccination on the unimmu- nized children in the school were recommended and kindergarten can make the early response of the outbreak and effectively reduce the incidence of mumps.