黄淮海地区夏玉米生长季内的旱涝灾害分析

Analysis of Drought-flood Disaster on Huanghuaihai Region During Summer Maize Growing Season

黄淮海地区的降水时空分布不均匀,旱涝灾害多发。夏玉米生长季内的雨水多寡直接导致玉米产量的高低,过多过少的水分都对玉米生长不利,将致旱涝灾害。以黄淮海地区1970-2010年的降水量数据为基础,采用标准化降水指数(SPI),以统计方法为手段,探讨了黄淮海地区夏玉米生长季的旱涝时空分布特征。结论为:黄淮海地区夏玉米生长季发生旱涝的年数相当(除9月份);2002年后有趋于雨涝的趋势(除6月份);不同地区的旱涝变化趋势不尽相同,表现为一定的地域特征;SPI空间分布显示黄淮海地区的西南部和东部部分地区是雨涝多发区,而北方大部分地区是干旱多发区。

The rainfall distribution is not uniform in Huanghuaihai region,in which place it is often occur drought-flood disaster.It is based on precipitation data during 1970-2010,using Special Precipitation Index（SPI） to discuss the drought-flood spatial-temporal characteristics on Huanghuaihai Region During summer maize Growing Season by means of statistical methods.Concluded： the years number of the drought is quite close to that of the flood（except the September）;there is a rainy trend after 2002（except the June）;Different regions had different drought-flood variation trends,which was showing the regional characteristics;the spatial distribution of SPI showed that both the southwest and the parts of the east of Huanghuaihai region were the frequent flood areas,while the north of the region was the frequent drought area in most areas.