基于随机调查的西部地区农户耕地保护认知研究

Farmers Cognition of Farmland Protection Based on a Random Survey in Western Region of China

研究西部地区农户对耕地保护的认知,为建构西部地区的耕地保护机制提供参考依据.对西部地区的四川、新疆等6省区84个县354个村的703户农户进行结构化问卷调查与开放式访谈,然后进行统计分析.结果表明:(1)认为耕地需要保护的农户占97.58%;农户认为耕地保护的原因是多方面的,其中,确保粮食安全和农民的生存分别占到有效问卷的26.14%、20.11%;(2)选择保护耕地质量的农户占64.86%,保护耕地数量的农户占29.87%;(3)农户认为导致耕地减少的三个责任主体中,政府、农户、村组集体分别占48.65%、21.19%和9.53%;(4)对政府制订耕地保护规划过程有参与意愿的农户占72.40%.基本结论是:(1)农户认为耕地需要保护,粮食安全和农户生存是耕地保护原因的第一、二主成分;(2)农户认为保护耕地的质量比数量更重要;(3)农户对耕地减少责任主体的认识呈现显著分异,多数农户愿意参与政府的耕地保护规划.

In the Western Region of China, the farmers＂ awareness of protecting farmland was investigated in order to provide a reference for the farmland protection mechanism. There are 703 farmers investigated in the sam- ple areas, who live in 354 villages of 84 counties in six provinces, including Sichuan, Xinjiang, Gansu, Guangxi, Chongqing, and Yunnan. The major questionnaires were from 703 farmers visited with open - ended interviews. Then these questionnaires options answered by interviewers were analyzed. The statistic results show that： 1 ） 97. 58% of them believe the arable land needs to be protected. Various reasons on the protecting cultivated land were proposed by them, for example, ensuring food security and farmers＂ survival, respectively, the percentage of the valid questionnaires shared 26.14% and 20.11% ; 2 ） According to the valid questionnaires, 64.86% of them choose to protect the quality of arable land, and 29.87% prefers to protect the amount of cultivated land; 3 ） It was believed that the main responsibility for the arable land reduction included the governments （accounted for 48.65% ）, farmers（ accounted for 21.19% ） and the village collective（ accounted for 9.53% ） ; and 4） 72.40% want to participate in the formulation of government farmland protection planning. The major conclusions are： these farmers thought the arable land must be protected because of producing and providing major food, making lives and so on ; 2） These farmers believed that the quality protection of the arable land is more important than the quantity protection ; 3 ） the current understanding from farmers, in terms of the main responsibility for resulting to the arable land reduction was various, but most farmers are willing to participate in the government＇s Farmland Protection Planning.