潜意识的人性善恶论对解读诸葛亮的影响——兼论性恶论下的历史研究对民族精神的消解

Impact of Theory of Original Goodness and Theory of Original Evil of Human Nature in One's Subconcious Mind on Understanding of Zhuge Liang:Additional Discussion of National Spirit's Dispelling Resulted from Theory of Original Evil

近年对诸葛亮行为的研究,大体可分为潜意识的性善论模式解读与性恶论模式解读。潜意识下受性善论影响的学者,多认为诸葛亮与刘备父子及蜀汉群臣之间的关系是一种高尚的政治关系。潜意识下受性恶论影响的学者,多认为诸葛亮与刘备父子及蜀汉众臣之间的关系是自私自利的政治关系。前者观点较合乎逻辑,后者观点难合逻辑。前者多没有否定诸葛亮的政治缺点,后者多容易掩盖诸葛亮的政治优点。前者可强化民族楷模的形象,彰扬民族精神的价值;后者则容易推翻民族楷模的形象,颠覆民族精神的价值。

Scholars who study Zhuge Liang in recent years can be classified into two groups： ones who hold the theory of original goodness and the ones who hold the theory of original evil of human nature in their subconcious mind. The former states that the relationship between Zhuge Liang, Liu Bei and his son, and all officials is nobly political relation. At the same time, the scholars donn＇ t deny Zhuge Liang＇ s political shortages. It is helpful to strengthen the image of national model. However, the latter has the opposite view. To some extent, it is easy to turn over the image of national model and the value of national spirit.