水准网抗差估计程序设计

Robust Estimation Programming of Level Network

大量的水准测量实践表明,由于各种原因(如仪器操作不当、读数错误、记录和计算错误)可能会产生粗差。经典平差总是假设观测值中只含有偶然误差,不含有粗差且平差模型正确,当观测值中存在粗差时,经典最小二乘估计对粗差的探测不够准确且平差结果误差较大,因此,必须寻求新的能抗粗差的平差方法。为此,从最常用的IGGⅠ方案出发,利用VB6.0编制了抗差估计计算程序,并用于水准网粗差探测和平差计算。实践证明,该程序操作简单、界面友好、能满足实际的工程需要。

A large number of Leveling practice show that, due to various reasons（ such as the improper equipment op- eration, reading wrong, the recording and calculation errors） may generate gross error. Classical Adjustment always as- sume that the observations only contains random error, do not contain gross error and the adjustment model is correct. But when the gross error is existent in observation values, the classical least squat estimation of gross error detecting is not e- nough and the results of the adjustment errors are large. Therefore, the author must find new adjustment method to resist gross error, the author starts from IGG I program and uses VB6.0 to compile calculation program of robust estimation and uses it to detect the gross error of adjustment calculation. Practice proved that the program is simple, friendly interface and can meet the actual project needs.