生物炭对土壤环境及作物生长影响的研究进展

Progress of the effect of biomass charcoal on soil environment and crop growth

综述了生物炭(biomass charcoal)特性及其对土壤环境和作物生长的影响。生物炭可提高土壤碳库容量,提高土壤pH值,同时炭具有很大的表面积,持水性、吸附性均较强。在一定量下,施炭可增加土壤阴、阳离子交换量,减少养分损失,改变土壤微生物丰度及群落,降解土壤污染物等。此外,综述了生物炭对作物的肥效及肥效机理等,在一定范围内,能增加作物生物量和产量,因此生物质炭还田是提高土壤肥力、增加碳封存时间的有效途径。

Here we reviewed biomass charcoal＇s properties, the effect of biomass charcoal on soil environment and crop growth. Biomass charcoal can increase soil carbon storage capacity, improve the soil pH value, besides, it has a high surface area, high nutrient retention capacity, and high water retention capacity due to its porous structure. In a certain amount of carbon, it can increase the soil anion, cation exchange capacity, reduce nutrient loss, and change soil microbial abundance and community degradation of soil pollutants. Moreover, we reviewed the effects of biomass charcoal on crop fertilizer and fertilizer efficiency mechanism, to a certain degree, it can generally increase crop biomass and yield. Thus, adding the biomass carbon to soil can not only improve soil fertility, but also increase carbon sequestration time.