杂家、新道家、黄老道家之辨——兼论先秦道家的发展脉络

New Taoism,Eclectics or Huang-Lao Taoism——On the Context of the Development of Taoism in the Period of Pre-Qin Dynasty

黄老道家是道家的一个派别,产生于战国早中期而盛行于汉初。对于道家的这一学派,目前学界有新道家、杂家等称呼,但这两个概念都存在问题。问题在于两个概念体现的是某些研究者对黄老道家和整个先秦道家发展脉络的理解的偏差。通过对先秦道家文献的考察,可以看到,先秦道家的发展脉络并不是先老庄道家而后黄老道家这样单线地发展,黄老道家的产生时间并不晚于老庄道家,先秦道家是一个多线发展的过程。

Huang-Lao Taoism is a school of Taoism.It appeared in early Warring States period and was popular in the early Han Dynasty.Scholars have called this New Taoism,or Eclectics,but the two concepts are problematic.The real problem is that these two concepts embodied in some of the researchers on the understanding of Huang-Lao Taoism and the whole context and development of Taoism.Huang-Lao Taoism was not later than Lao-Zhuang Taoism.