驾驶人换道决策机制及视觉特性分析

Analysis of Drivers' Lane Changing Decision-making Mechanism and Its Visual Characteristics

为透析换道前驾驶人行为机理,提取可以体现驾驶人换道意图的表征参数,设计真实道路条件下的实车试验,对换道决策机制进行深入研究。基于驾驶人对外界信息的感知特性、判断决策等,分析驾驶人车道变换决策的形成机理。依据换道前驾驶人对后视镜的注视特性确定换道意图时窗,进一步提取驾驶人车道变换意图表征指标。分析表明,换道决策由信息感知及3个判断决策过程复合而成,驾驶人换道意图表征时窗约为5s;后视镜及视野盲区注视频次,当前车道与目标车道的注视时间及注视概率等指标都可以用来有效表征驾驶人的车道变换意图。

In order to analyze drivers＇ behavior characteristics before lane changing, and extract the characterization parameters reflecting the lane changing intent, experiments in real environment were designed. Based on drivers＇ perception of external information and judgment, the formation mechanism of lane changing decision making was analyzed in detail. According to drivers＇ fixation characteristics on rearview mirror, lane changing intent time window was determined, characterization parameters reflecting drivers＇ lane changing intent were extracted subsequently. The results show that lane-changing decision is co perception and three judgment-decision processes, that drivers＇ lane 5 s, and that fixation frequencies on rearview mirrors and blind areas, changing intent time window is about as well as fixation duration and probabiliies on related lanes could effectively characterize drivers＇ lane changing intent.