免疫固定电泳技术在多发性骨髓瘤诊断及预后中的价值

The immunofixation electrophoresis technology of clinical value in the diagnosis and prognosis of multiple myeloma

目的探讨免疫固定电泳(IFE)对于多发性骨髓瘤(MM)的诊断以及预后评估的临床价值。方法对67例MM患者的血清标本进行IFE、血清蛋白电泳和免疫球蛋白(Ig)定量检测。其中的5例患者进行自体干细胞移植,并对其血清M蛋白的表达进行跟踪检测。结果 67例MM患者中62例血清蛋白电泳可检测出M蛋白带,血清免疫固定电泳分型:IgG型38例(56.7%),其中κ轻链型20例,λ轻链型18例;IgA型22例(32.8%),其中κ轻链型12例,λ轻链型10例;IgM型1例(1.49%);游离轻链型6例(8.96%),其中κ轻链型3例,λ轻链型3例。结论IFE技术具有灵敏度高,特异性好的特点,能快速、准确地进行MM分型,并在MM的诊断、病情判断及预后评估具有重要的临床意义。

Objective To explore the clinical value of the immunofixation electrophoresis （IFE） for the diagnosis and prognosis of multiple myeloma. Methods Serum of 67 cases of mul- tiple myeloma patients was detected by immunofixation electrophoresis, serum protein electro- phoresis, and quantitative detection of immunoglobulin. 5 patients of the 67 cases were imple- mented with autologous stem cell transplant, then the serum of them were tracked and detected. Results The M protein was detected in 62 of the 67 patients by serum protein electrophoresis. Serum immunofixation electrophoresis types of 67 patients were respectively IgG type in 38 cases （56.7%）, including 20 cases of κ light chain and 18 cases of k light chain;IgA type in 22 cases （32.8%）, including 12 cases of κ light chain, and 10 cases of X light chain; IgM type 1 case （1.49%） ;Free light chain type in 6 cases （8.96%）, including 3 cases of κ light chain and 3 cases of k light chain. Conclusion IFE shows high sensitivity and specificity in the determination and classification of multiple myeloma. Additionally, IFE also plays an irreplaceable role in the diag- nosis, judgment and prognosis of multiple myeloma.