摘要
目的:探讨浅部真菌病儿童真菌感染的相关因素,为预防浅部真菌病的发生提供科学依据。方法:采用问卷式对228例患儿监护人进行调查,了解统计儿童浅部真菌病的发病年龄和发病部位,致病菌种及致病原因。结果:①儿童浅部真菌感染随着年龄的增长,发病人数逐渐增多,发病率也随之上升,各临床真菌病类型明显增加。②各临床类型真菌病致病菌类共14种,尤以红色毛癣菌30.5%、须癣毛癣菌(20.6%)、马拉色菌(13.4%)、絮状表皮癣菌(10.7%)、白色念珠菌(8.8%)感染甚多。③致病因素主要有:是监护人员因素21.3%、护理不当因素18.3%、外伤因素16.4%、环境因素12.2%、药物因素11.5%、宠物因素11.1%及生活习惯因素9.2%。结论:只有消灭或远离传染源,切断或阻绝传播途径;养成良好的生活、卫生习惯;增强自身机体免疫力;提高对浅部真菌病的认知程度,才能真正达到防病治病的目的。
Objective:To provide scientific basis for reducing the occurrence and development of superficial mycoses by discussing factors related to the fungus infection in children with superficial mycoses.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted on the guardians,exploring pathogenic bacteria and the etiology and counting the ages of onset and the sites in 228 cases of children with superficial mycoses.Results:①Superficial fungal infections increase with the child getting older,the incidence increases gradually and various clinical types of fungal diseases increase significantly.②The pathogenic bacteria are 14species for the various clinical types of superficial mycoses in the group,especially Trichophyton rubrum(30.5%),Trichophyton mentagrophyte(20.6%),Malassezia(13.4%),Epidermophyton floccosum(10.7%) and Candidia albicans(8.8%).③Its pathogenic factors are mainly the guardians' personal factors(21.3%),improper care(18.3%),trauma(16.4%),environmental factors(12.2%),drugs(11.5%),pets(11.1%) and lifestyle factors(9.2%).Conclusion:The aim of preventing and treating diseases can be truly achieved by destroying or keeping away from the sources of infection,cutting off or blocking transmission ways,developing agood living and health habit,enhancing the immunity and improving the cognitive degree of superficial mycoses
关键词
浅部真菌病
真菌
感染
预防
儿童
superficial mycoses
fungus
infection
prevention
children
