川芎药材贮藏期间化学成分的变化

Chemical Change of Chuanxiong Raw Materials during Storage

目的:研究川芎药材贮藏期间化学成分的变化,评价其质量。方法:将4份川芎药材密封后在室温下贮藏两年;药材粉末经甲醇-甲酸(95∶5)提取后,应用HPLC-DAD-(APCI)MS技术建立HPLC指纹图谱,鉴定、测定特征性成分在药材贮藏前后的变化,分析成分间的转化条件。结果:HPLC图中8个特征峰分离良好,分别鉴定为香草醛(1)、阿魏酸(2)、洋川芎内酯I(3)、洋川芎内酯H(4)、阿魏酸松柏酯(5)、洋川芎内酯A(6)、Z-藁本内酯(7)和欧当归内酯A(8)。4份药材贮藏2年后,成分1～4和8分别增加了44.4%,52.1%,37.6%,52.8%和47.5%(n=4);成分5～7是川芎中的主要活性成分,分别降低了59.1%,40.1%和47.5%(n=4)。已知活性成分的减少量大于增加量,贮藏前新鲜样品的成分变化值大。结论:川芎药材贮藏期间泛油、香气减弱、断面颜色变黄伴随着多个活性成分发生变化,必然引起药材质量和功效的变化。川芎药材应贮藏在避光、低温和干燥环境中,不宜久藏,以保证药材的质量和药用功效。

Objective： To evaluate the chemical changes in Chuanxiong raw material（CX）,the rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.,during CX storage and further assess its quality variety.Methods： Four CX samples were sealed and stored at ambient temperature in room for two years.These samples were quantified on the amounts of characteristic chemical compounds by HPLC-DAD-（APCI） MS techniques.Results： Eight characteristic peaks in HPLC fingerprint were found to be good separation and assigned as vanillin（1）,ferulic acid（2）,senkyunolide I（3）,senkyunolide H（4）,coniferyl ferulate（5）,senkyunolide A（6）,Z-ligustilide（7） and levistolide A（8）,respectively based on their on-line APCI-MS data and UV spectra.After CX being stored,compounds 1~4,and 8 were decreased by 44.4%,52.1%,37.6%,52.8% and 47.5%（n=4）,respectively,whilst compounds 5~7 were increased by 59.1%,40.1% and 47.5%（n=4）,respectively.Conclusion： Multiple chemical compounds are found to be changed during CX storage,which results in the variety of quality and therapeutic effect because most of the tested compounds have been demonstrated to be bioactive by pharmacological study and clinical trials.It is suggested that CX should be stored under dark,cool and dry condition.