庄周与社会唯名论

On Zhuang Zhou and the Theory of“Social Nominalsm”

个人与社会是一对二元对立,社会唯名论与社会唯实论是社会学争论的一大焦点。这一二元对立从"重个人、轻社会"的角度看是属于唯名论的,而庄周的思想也正体现了这一点。庄周学说源自春秋时的逸民史实以及杨朱的"拔一毛而利天下不为"的"为我"思想,但庄周讲求以其不材而混世,其寻求避世保身的思想走向了另一极端的"无我"。

Individual and the society form a dual-opposition. Social nominalism and social realism form a focus in sociologists＇ debates. With the view of ＂orienting on individuals and neglecting the society＂, nominalism is right, and Zhuang Zhou＇s thought reflects the point. Zhuang Zhou＇s theory originated from the history of migration in the Spring and Auturhn Period as well as Yang Zhu＇s thought, ＂Only benefit for myself＂, which means ＇!People shouldn＇t make tiny contribution to benefit the world＂. However, when advocating his theories, ＂making a talentless living and protecting oneself by keeping far from the society＂, Zhuangzhou came to another extreme, ＂being without myself＂.