综合技能训练对精神分裂症儿童认知功能的影响

Comprehensive skills training on cognitive function in children with schizophrenia

目的探讨综合技能训练改善精神分裂症儿童认知功能的效果。方法 86例精神分裂症儿童患者分为观察组和对照组,每组43例。对照组患者单纯给予抗精神病药物治疗,观察组患者在应用抗精神病药物治疗的同时给予综合技能训练,2组患者在治疗前后均采用智力测验、事件相关电位P300进行认知功能评定。结果治疗前2组患者言语智商(VIQ)、操作智商(PIQ)、全量表智商(FIQ)、P300潜伏期及波幅比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者治疗后PIQ和FIQ显著高于治疗前(P<0.05),对照组治疗前后VIQ、PIQ和FIQ比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后观察组患者PIQ显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但2组患者VIQ、FIQ比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗前2组患者P300潜伏期及波幅比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组患者治疗前后P300潜伏期及波幅比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者治疗后P300潜伏期显著短于治疗前(P<0.05),但治疗前后P300波幅比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后2组患者P300潜伏期及波幅比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论抗精神病药物治疗联合综合技能训练可有效改善精神分裂症儿童的认知功能,促进患者的康复。

Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive skills training on improving cognitive function in children with schizophrenia.Methods Eighty-six cases of childhood schizophrenia were divided into observation group and control group,43 cases in each group.The patients in control group were treated with antipsychotic only,based on this,the patients in observation group were treated with comprehensive skills training.The cognitive function of patients in the two groups was evaluated by intelligence test and event related potential P300 before and after treatment.Results Before treatment,there was no significant difference in verbal intelligence quotient（VIQ）,performance intelligence quotient（PIQ）,full intelligence quotient（FIQ） and the latence and amplitude of P300 between the two groups（P〉0.05）.PIQ and FIQ in observation group after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment（P〉0.05）;there was no significant difference in VIQ,PIQ and FIQ before and after treatment in control group（P〉0.05）.After treatment,the PIQ in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group（P〉0.05）,but there was no significant difference in VIQ and FIQ between the two groups（P〉0.05）.Before treatment,there was no significant difference in the latence and amplitude of P300 between the two groups（P〉0.05）.In control group,there was no significant difference in the latence and amplitude of P300 before and after treatment（P〉0.05）.In observation group,the latence of P300 after treatment was significantly shorter than that before treatment（P〉0.05）,but there was no significant difference in the amplitude of P300 before and after treatment（P〉0.05）.After treatment,there was no significant difference in the latence and amplitude of P300 between the two groups（P〉0.05）.Conclusion Antipsychotic treatment combined with comprehensive skills training can effectively improve cognitive function of children with schizophrenia,and promote the rehabilitation of the patients.