嗜纤维梭菌纤维体研究进展

Research Progress of Clostridium cellulovorans Cellulosome

植物细胞壁因含有纤维素类物质而难以被畜禽降解,但是可以被纤维素酶类降解。能降解植物细胞壁的纤维素酶系包括游离纤维素酶和胞外多酶复合物—纤维体两种。纤维体的基本组件是非催化活性的脚手架蛋白和多个具有催化活性的糖基水解酶亚单位,各酶亚单位通过自身的坞因子和脚手架蛋白上相应的黏附域特异性相结合。主要是对嗜纤维梭菌纤维体的结构、功能、基因簇和基因工程方面的研究进展进行综述,为其他纤维体的研究提供思路及构建特殊功能的mini-cellulosome、纤维体在生物技术上的应用奠定理论基础。

Cellulose, the main structural component of plant cell walls, is extremely difficult degrade. Cellulases play an important role in the degradation of cellulosic materials, which have been found either as free enzymes or as a large extracellular enzyme complex called the cellulosome. Cellulosomes consist of non-enzymatic scaffolding protein （ s ） and cellulosomal enzyme subunits. The scaffolding protein contains cohesins for the cellulosomal enzyme subunits which have various defferent functions and invariably contain a cohesin-binding site named dockerin. The composition, function, and gene cluster of Clostridium cellulovorans cellulosome were reviewed here, and the research advances in biotechnology were also summarized, aiming to provide some basic information for the studies of other cellulosomes, the constructions of mini-cellulosomes with precise functions and the applications in biotechnology.