陈式太极拳和杨式太极拳运动对大学生心血管功能的影响

Effects of Chen style and Yang style Taijiquan exercise on cardiovascular function of university students

目的:探讨陈式太极拳和杨式太极拳运动对高校大学生心血管功能的影响,为高校大学生太极拳训练提供理论依据。方法:从某学院武术协会会员中随机挑选身体健康的男、女生各50例,采用分层随机化的方法分为2组,每组男、女生各25例。选定一组进行为期36周的陈式太极拳训练,另一组进行为期36周的杨式太极拳训练。36周训练前后,测试各组大学生反映心脏功能的指标如脉率、心搏出量、心搏指数、心输出量、心脏指数和心肌耗氧指数等;血管功能指标如脉压差、平均动脉压、平均收缩压、平均舒张压、血管顺度及总外周阻力等;血液和微循环功能指标如有效血容量、血液黏度、还原全血黏度、微循环半更新时间、微循环半更新率及微循环平均滞留时间等。结果:受试大学生的心脏功能、血管功能、血液及微循环功能与训练前相比均有明显改善;参加陈式太极拳练习的男生以上指标优于参加杨式太极拳练习的男生,参加杨式太极拳练习的女生以上指标优于参加陈式太极拳练习的女生(P均<0.05)。结论:太极拳运动能改善大学生的心血管功能;陈式太极拳运动更有助于男大学生心血管功能的改善,杨式太极拳运动更有助于女大学生心血管功能的改善。

Aim： To explore the effects of Chen style and Yang style Taijiquan exercise on cardiovascular function of university students so as to provide theoretical support for Taijiquan exercise of college students. Methods： A total of 50 healthy male and 50 healthy female students from a martial arts association of a university were chosen. They were allocated into 2 groups by adopting stratified random method,and each group had 25 male students and 25 female students. One group accepted Chen style Taijiquan exercise and another group accepted Yang style Taijiquan exercise for 36 weeks. Be-fore and after 36 weeks,the following indexes were tested： the cardiac function indexes（ heart rate,cardiac output,stroke volume,stroke index,cardiac index,myocardial oxygen consumption index） ,the vascular function indexes（ pulse pres-sure,mean arterial pressure,mean systolic pressure,mean diastolic pressure,artery cis-degree,total resistance） ,the blood microcirculation indexes （ blood volume,viscosity,reduction of whole blood viscosity,microcirculation half turnover time,microcirculation half renewal rate,microcirculation mean residence time） . Results： The heart function,vascular function,and blood microcirculation function of the students had significantly improved than before. The indexes of male students who accepted Chen style Taijiquan exercise were significantly better than those of male students who accepted Yang style Taijiquan exercise（ P 0. 05） . And the indexes of female students who accepted Yang style Taijiquan exercise were significantly better than those of female students who accepted Chen style Taijiquan exercise （ P 0. 05 ） . Conclusion： Chen style Taijiquan exercise and Yang style Taijiquan exercise could improve cardiovascular function of college students. Chen style Taijiquan exercise is more helpful in improving cardiovascular function of male university students,while Yang style Taijiquan exercise is more helpful in improving cardiovascular function of female university students.