日本军部“统帅权独立”特权的形成

The Privilege Formation of“The independent imperia”In Japanese Military Headquarters

＂统帅权独立＂是近代日本政治体制中一条非常特殊的原则。它是伴随着军部的形成和近代天皇制的建立而确立起来的。由于军部可以凭借这一原则摆脱政府和议会的干预,进而介入国家的政治生活,所以该原则就成为军部手中最为重要的特权,也成为军部势力的保护壁垒和干政工具。＂统帅权独立＂在保证军部政治优越地位同时,也割裂了近代天皇制政权的军政关系,导致军权的混乱无序,对近代日本军国主义的国家命运产生了重大影响。

＂The independent imperia＂ is a very important principle in the modern Japanese po- litical system. It has been established with the forming of the military headquarters and the building of the modern Tennoism. Because the military headquarters can through the privilege escape from the intervention of the government and parliament, and get involved in the country＇s political life, this principle has become not only the most important privilege for the military headquarters, but also turns into the protective barrier and convenient tool for the mili- tary headquarters in interfering in the political affairs. ＂The independent imperia＂ has ensured the military headquarters＇ political superior position; meanwhile, it cut apart the relationship between the army and government of modern Tennoism, which leads to the disorder of the mil- itary power, exerting a tremendous influence upon the fate of the modern Japanese militarism.