氮素形态对马铃薯叶片光合色素及其荧光特性的影响

Effects of nitrogen forms on photosynthetic pigment and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of potato leaves

基于不同形态的氮素营养栽培试验,分析了不同氮素形态下马铃薯叶片光合色素含量的变化及其与叶绿素荧光动力学参数之间的关系。结果表明:不同形态的氮素营养对马铃薯叶片中叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素的含量均产生了较大的影响,其中在发棵期和结薯期表现得较为明显。但不同形态的氮素营养对叶绿素a与叶绿素b含量的比值影响不大,从幼苗期至结薯期均无显著差异(P>0.05)。此外,本研究还发现,以叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝素3种光合色素的含量作为模型自变量,所建立的叶片PSⅡ光化学效率及PSⅡ潜在活性的三元回归模型具有较高的精度,各生育时期所对应的模型决定系数均在0.865以上,能够较好地反映马铃薯叶绿素荧光动力学参数与叶片光合色素含量之间的关系。研究结果对马铃薯氮肥的高效管理具有指导意义。

To study the effects of different nitrogen forms on the Photosynthetic characteristics of potato leaves,the photosynthetic pigment contents in leaves at different growth stages were analyzed,and the relationships between chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameters and photosynthetic pigment contents were discussed.The results showed that their effects on contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoids in leaves were significant during tuber formation stage.However,their effect on the content ratio of chlorophyll a/b was not obvious,and there was no significant difference among different treatments from seedling stage to tuber formation stage.In addition,the regression models of PSⅡ photochemical efficiency and potential activity based on the contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoids have higher accuracy,and the determination coefficient of model in each growth stage was higher than 0.865.Thus they can be used to describe the relationship between chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameters and photosynthetic pigment contents in leaves.The results provide a scientific basis for nitrogen management in potato.