三峡库区兴山县农村环境卫生及饮用水现状调查

Currant status of environmental sanitation and drinking water in rural areas of Xingshan county of three gorges reservoir region

目的了解兴山县农村环境及饮用水卫生状况,为制定新农村卫生建设提供科学依据。方法按照调查方案,采用分层抽样法,在全县抽取45个行政村,每村随机抽取5户为调查对象,制定统一调查表,对调查人员进行培训。结果村80.00%有卫生管理制度;庭院卫生干净占78.65%,一般占20.00%,生活性垃圾随意堆放占51.11%;村卫生厕所普及率为57.69%,户卫生厕所占64.00%;村集中式供水占45.89%,水质检测率为14.47%,生活污水处理率为4.45%;户有牲畜栏占94.67%,"四害"较为严重。结论农村垃圾随意堆放污染严重,粪便无害化处理率低,集中式供水存在二次污染,环境卫生状况应引起有关部门重视。

Objective To understand the sanitation of rural environment and drinking water in Xingshan County and to - provide a scientific basis for formulating sanitary construction policy in rural areas. Methods According to the investiga- tion plan, stratified sampling method was used to extract one half of the administrative villages in Xingshan County, 5 households were randomly selected in each village for investigation. An questionnaire was then made for training the inves- tigators. Results There were 80.00% of villages with health control system; 98.65% with a clean house, 51.11% with random trash disposal; 57.69% of the villages had toilets, household toilet accounted for 64.00%. The village central water supply accounted for 45.89%, the rate of water quality testing was 14.47%, the rate of sewage processing was 4. 45% ; 94.67% of the families had domestic animal corral, the condition of ＂four posts＂ was more serious. Conclusions Random trash disposal is serious in rural areas, the rate of excrement detoxification processing is low, and second pollu- tion exists in centralized water supply. More attention should be paid on environmental health condition by relevant govern- ment organizations.