大便常规检查在小儿内科作为入院常规检查的价值

Value of stool routine examination as pediatric hospitalized routine examination

目的:探讨大便常规检查继续作为小儿内科常规检查是否必要。方法:回顾性分析2 019例住院患儿的病例资料,统计大便常规阳性率、大便常规未检查率、消化系统症状及体征与大便常规检查结果的关系。结果:大便检查总体结果阳性率为6.19%,家长拒绝率为18.57%。5岁以下患儿大便常规检查阳性率高于5岁以上患儿,有消化道症状和体征患儿的大便常规检查结果阳性率为41.08%(76/185),无消化道症状和体征患儿的大便常规检查结果阳性率为1.17%(15/1 285)。随着患儿住院次数的增多,家长拒绝大便常规检查比例升高。虫卵、痢疾阿米巴滋养体及包囊和结肠内阿米巴滋养体及包囊在大便常规检查中均未检出。结论:随着生活水平的提高和群众对于疾病的认识加深和儿童常见疾病的发病情况起了很大变化,因此毋须把大便常规作为每个住院患儿必须检查的三大常规之一,只对有消化道症状的患儿作大便常规检查以减轻患儿住院费用,减少医护人员工作量。

Objective： To investigate the necessity of stool exam as a routine exam in pediatric. Methods： By retrospective analysis 2019 hospitalized children, the positive rate, unchecked rate of stool sample, the relationship between gastrointestinal symptom and stool routine examination were studied. Results： Parent reject rate was 18.57% , and 6. 19% of all examed stool samples was positive. The positive rate of children under 5 years old was higher than that of children over 5 years old. The stool exam positive rate of children with digestive tract symptoms was 41.08% （76/185）, and that of children without digestive tract symptoms was 1.17% （15/1285） More and more parents refused to stool routine examination as the number of hospitalization is increased. Eggs, dysenter- y, amebic trophozoites and cysts and colonic entamoeba trophozoites and cysts were not detected by stool examina- tion. Conclusion： Because the living standard is improved, everybody understand more about the disease and the situation of children common diseases is more complicated. So it was not necessary for routine stool as as pediatric hospitalized routine examination for each hospitalized children. Only checkfor the sick children with gastrointestinal symptoms is enough to reduce costs and the heavy workloads of the medical staff.