太仓市社区高血压患者血压水平和相关因素分析

Analysis on blood pressure level and risk factors of hypertension patients in Taicang

目的了解太仓市社区管理高血压患者的血压水平和相关因素,为有针对性的开展患者管理提供依据。方法按《全国高血压规范化管理项目实施方案》对患者进行信息采集和血压测量等,按年龄和性别对相关因素进行分析。结果太仓社区高血压患者收缩压平均水平为(140±16)mmHg,舒张压为(86±9)mmHg,不同性别、年龄差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。合并糖尿病、脑卒中、冠心病等疾病患病率分别为5.2%、4.1%、1.6%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),合并脑卒中、冠心病患病率随年龄增长增加明显。高血压、脑卒中、冠心病、糖尿病等家族史发生率均以45～54岁年龄组最高,不同年龄组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。高血压相关危险因素中,除不经常锻炼外,肥胖、腹型肥胖、品味偏咸、经常饮酒和经常吸烟发生率均以45～54岁年龄组最高,肥胖、腹型肥胖、不经常锻炼等发生率女性均高于男性,经常饮酒、吸烟发生率男性高于女性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论社区高血压患者血压控制水平较为理想。应根据高血压患者危险因素的不同特点,采取有针对性的干预措施,有效预防高血压患者心脑血管事件的发生。

Objective To understand about blood pressure level and relevant risk factors of hypertension patients in Taicang, and provide basis for the patient management in community. Methods According to ＂Embodiment of National Hy- pertension Standardized Management Project ＂, information was collected and blood pressures for patients were measured. T test and chi-square test were performed to analyze the risk factors in group with different ages and gender. Results The aver- age systolic blood pressure in hypertension patients was（140 ＋ 16） mmHg and diastolic blood pressure was （86 ＋ 9） mmHg. Significant statistical differences were shown in gender and ages （P^0.01）. The prevalence of hypertension complicated with diabetes mellitus,stroke and coronary disease were 5.2 ~ , 4.1 ~ ke and 1.5 ~ respectively with significant statistical differ- ences （P^0.01）. Incidence of hypertension complicated with stroke and coronary disease increased obviously with the increas- ing of age. The prevalence of family history of hypertension,diabetes mellitus, stroke and coronary disease showed significant statistical difference on ages in the highest group of 45 to 54 years old. Moreover, there was meaningful statistical differences in different age groups（P〈0. 01）. As related to the risk factors, incident rates of adiposity, abdominal obesity, salty food, drinking often and frequent smoking, exception of less physical exercise, were in the highest group with ages 45 to 54 years. Incidence rates of adiposity, abdominal obesity, and less exercising in females were higher than that in males; incident rates of drinking often and frequently smoking were higher in males than that in females, which had significant statistical differences （P 〈0.01）. Conclusion The blood pressure level in hypertension patients was better by community management. It is therefore propose to perform the target interventions according to the risk factors of different characteristics in hypertension patients, so as to prevent onset cardiovascular and cerebrovascular for hypertension patients.