虚拟城市道路场景中的驾驶人应激感知反应时间特性

Time characteristics of drivers' stress perception in virtual urban road environment

为了分析城市道路环境中驾驶人应激感知时间的影响因素,基于虚拟现实技术搭建了模拟驾驶平台。利用眼动仪对28名被试驾驶人进行了多种场景下的应激反应试验,获取了驾驶人在不同应激场景下的危险感知时间,并对驾驶人的危险感知时间进行了分析。结果表明:驾驶经验丰富的驾驶人应激感知时间要小于其他驾驶人,而中青年驾驶人的应激感知速度要快于其他年龄的驾驶人;随着车速的提高,驾驶人的应激感知时间相应的增加,且两者之间呈现较强的指数关系;基于驾驶经验、驾驶人年龄和车速,采用对数函数建立的驾驶人应激感知时间预测模型具有较高的精度,被试驾驶人实测感知时间落入到预测区间的比例达到96.2%。

In order to analyze the impact factors of drivers＇ stress perception time in urban road environment, the platform for simulating driving based on virtual reality technology was estab- lished. Stress response test was carried out on 28 drivers in some scenes by using eye movement tracker, and driver＇s perception time for different dangerous scenes was obtained. The perception time characteristic were analyzed. The results show that the perception time of experienced driv- ers is less than other drivers, and the young and middle-age drivers perception time is shorter than other drivers~ with the increase of vehicle speed, drivers stress perception time will increase correspondingly, and certain exponential function is found between the perception time and vehi- cle speed. Logarithm forecast model of drivers＇ stress perception time based on driving experi- ence, drivers＇ ages, and vehicle speed has better accuracy. The total predicting accuracy of this model achieves 96.2%. 9 tabs, 8 figs, 8 refs.