我国劳动者的福利差距与社会保障制度的公平性——基于就业所有制性质的视角

The Welfare Gap of Laborers and the Fairness of the Social Security System——Based on the Nature of Ownership in Employment

我国劳动者的福利待遇因就业部门的所有制性质不同而存在较大差距。在单位福利主导的初次分配中,公有制体系就业人员获得的福利收益和待遇水平高于私有制体系就业的劳动者;在社会保障制度主导的二次分配中,国有部门、城镇户籍劳动者获得的福利待遇高于私营企业员工和农村户籍劳动者。现行社会保障制度的某些缺陷加大了福利资源配置的不均衡,再分配功能的正向发挥有赖于制度规则的统一和权利、机会的公平。

The welfare gap is large among the employees due to the different ownership of their employment department or status in our country.The welfare benefits and treatment level of laborers in public sector are higher than those in the private ownership system during the first time distribution provided by the unit.During the secondary distribution provided by the social security system,the welfare benefits and treatment of laborers in the state department and the town household register are higher than those in the private enterprise staff and rural household laborers.The three segmentations in current social security system further increase the imbalance of the welfare resources allocation.The positive function of redistribution could play depending on the rules to be united as well as the rights and opportunities to be equitable.