心理护理干预对羊膜腔穿刺孕妇心理状态的影响

Effect of psychological nursing intervention on mental state of pregnant women with amniocentesis

目的:探讨心理护理干预对羊膜腔穿刺孕妇心理状态的影响。方法:将120例产前诊断羊膜腔穿刺的孕妇随机分为观察组和对照组各60例,对照组给予常规护理措施,观察组给予心理护理干预。采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、疼痛指数等调查两组孕妇的心理状态。结果:干预后观察组孕妇的心理状态在躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、强迫、人际关系敏感等5个因子得分明显低于对照组(P<0.05),对照组轻度疼痛发生率明显高于观察组(P<0.05)。结论:产前筛查高危孕妇,在羊膜腔穿刺术前、术中及术后均存在复杂的心理状态,应认真给予有效的支持性心理干预,提高孕妇的心理承受能力,积极配合医生完成穿刺,减少风险发生。

Objective：To explore the effect of psychological nursing intervention on mental state of pregnant women with amniocentesis. Methods ：120 pregnant women who would undergo amniocentesis for prenatal diagnosis were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group （60 cases in each group ）. The conventional nursing measures were used in the control group and the psychological nursing intervention was implemented in the observation group. Symptom Checklist（ SCL-90）, Self - rating Anxiety Scale（ SAS）, Self - rating Depression Scale （SDS） and pain index were used to investigate the mental state of pregnant women in the two groups. Results ： The scores of five factors like somatization, depression, anxiety, obsessive - compulsive disorder and interpersonal sensitivity of the pregnant women were signifi- cantly lower in the observation group than the control group after the intervention （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; the incidence of mild pain was significantly higher in the control group than the observation group （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion：The complex psychological state exists in the pregnant women before, during and after amniocentesis. The effective and supportive psychological intervention should be given to the pregnant women in order to improve their psychological bearing capacity, ensure the smooth performance of amniocentesis and reduce the occurrence of risks.