比较优势、规模经济和贸易成本:国际生产分割下垂直关联产业的空间分布

Comparative Advantage,Scale Economies and Trade Cost:The Spatial Distribution of Vertically Linked Industries under the Background of International Production Fragmentation

在国际生产分工背景下,比较优势和规模经济成为影响企业生产区位的重要因素。本文在新经济地理框架下构建开放条件下理论模型,探讨不同贸易成本下比较优势和规模经济对垂直关联产业空间分布的影响。结果刻画出在比较优势和规模经济共同作用下,伴随贸易成本变化出现的4种垂直关联产业空间分布模式。表明我国目前所处的国际分工地位是在现有贸易成本条件下比较优势和规模经济相互作用的均衡结果,而吸引上游产业在中国聚集是实现我国产业结构升级的合理路径。

Under the background of international production fragmentation,both of comparative advantage and scale economies become important factors affecting the production location of industries.Using new economic geography framework,this paper develops a theoretical model combining comparative advantage and scale economies to explain the location of vertically linked firms under different levels of trade cost and illustrates that there exists four spatial distribution patterns of vertically linked firms and turns out that China's current position of international labor division is an equilibrium result of these two influencing factors under present level of trade cost.Attracting upstream industry to agglomerate in China is a reasonable route to upgrade our industry structure.