“桑林乐舞图”来源疏证与形态寓意分析

An Analysis on the Origin and Implied Meaning of “Mulberry Forest Musical Dance Figure”

"桑林"最初是商朝成汤王祈雨救济天下苍生的地点,后成为祭祀先祖的重要场所和男女相属之观,"桑林乐舞"也就成为国之"禘乐",有固定的节奏和程式,在春秋战国至魏晋时期的青铜礼器、汉砖以及墓室壁画中均有图像呈现。本文通过对先秦文献的梳理和考古器物的归类,以及民间风俗的佐证,认为"桑林乐舞图"既是古代农业技术图谱的源头,也反映了桑植活动在中华农耕文明中的重要作用。

'Mulberry forest' was initially the location where King Cheng-tang of Shang Dynasty prayed for rain to relieve people.Later,it became an important place for people to worship their ancestors as well as a place for young men and women meeting each other.'Mulberry Forest Musical Dance' thus became a national sacrifice activity with fixed rhythm and procedure,which was expressed on bronze ritual vessels,Han dynasty bricks and tomb murals from Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period to Wei and Jin Dynasties.Through referencing to literatures of pre-Qin period,careful examination to archaeological artifacts and acquiring verification from folk customs,it is concluded that 'Mulberry Forest Musical Dance Figure' is not only the source of pictures ancient agricultural techniques but also a symbol reflecting the important role of mulberry planting activity in Chinese agricultural civilization.