浅析广义干旱与狭义干旱的联系与区别

Relation and Distinction between Generalized Drought and Special Drought

指出干旱研究的基础是以区域水资源承载力为前提。利用陆地水文学知识分析了自然界水循环运动的每个环节和特点,剖析了水资源承载力在陆面蒸发和径流衰退过程中形成干旱的机制。定义了广义干旱,并简析了与气象、农业等各种狭义干旱的区别与联系。强调了陆地水文学是唯一可以给干旱以科学、严谨和充分定义的学科。

This paper pointed out that local water resources carrying capacity should be taken as the prerequisite for drought study. The hydrological knowledge was used to analyze the characteristics of the nature water cycle, and revealed that the water resources carrying capacity how to develop drought mechanism in recession process of land surface evaporation and runoff. Moreover, it defined the generalized drought, summarized the relation and distinction between the special droughts in meteorology, agriculture and etc., emphasized that the hydrology is the only subject to give scientific and rigorous definition for drought.