近年来山西中部地区水雨情及旱情旱灾分析

Analysis of Rainfall, Floods and Droughts in Middle Shanxi in Recent Years

分析了山西中部地区20世纪70年代以后的降雨、流量、蒸发量的时空分布。山西中部地区降雨偏少,年际丰枯变化大,年内分布不均。70年代以来径流在逐渐减少,2000年以后径流的减少更为明显。90年代以后蒸发量增大。分析了90年代以来该地区发生的农业受旱、粮食旱灾情况,降雨、流量、蒸发量是影响旱情旱灾发生的重要因素。

The statistical method was used to analyze the spatial-temporal distribution of rainfall, runoff and evaporation in the middle Shanxi since 1970s. The results show that the rainfall in the area is less than normal, there great is inter-annual variation of the rainfall, and the annu- M distribution is uneven. The runoff gradually has decreased since 1970s, and the decreasing trend is more obvious after 2000. The evapora- tion has increased since 1990s. The analysis was also made on the agricultural droughts and drought damages occurred in this area since 1990s. The results show that the rainfall, runoff and evaporation are important factors affecting the agricultural droughts.