深圳河口福田泥滩海洋线虫的种类组成及季节变化

Species composition and seasonal variation of marine nematodes on Futian mudflat in Shenzhen estuary

1997年 4个季度在深圳河口福田泥滩 3个取样站采到海洋线虫 2 8种 ,隶属于 3目 1 3科 2 2属。优势种是微口线虫 (Terschellingiasp1 .)、吞咽线虫 (Daptonemasp1 .)、Metalinhomoeussp .和拟齿线虫 (Paradontophorasp .) 4种。春季海洋线虫密度最高 ,冬季次之 ,夏季第三 ,秋季最低。深圳河口福田泥滩的海洋线虫群落与大型底栖动物群落具有相似的特点 ,即种类少 ,种类多样性指数和丰度指数低 ,但优势种呈现出较高的种群密度。深圳河口福田泥滩海洋线虫和多毛类独毛虫的数量消长有相似之处 ,即冬季和春季密度高 ,而夏季和秋季密度低 ,这种现象与它们共同的生态习性有关 ,因为它们都能在高有机质含量区域大量繁殖。

We set up three sampling stations on the mudflat in Shenzhen estuary to investigate free_living marine nematodes. Twenty_eight species of marine nematodes were obtained during four surveys. These nematodes belong to 22 genera, 13 families and three orders. The dominant species were Terschellingia sp1., Daptonema sp1., Metalinhomoeus sp. and Paradontophora sp. The density of marine nematodes was the highest in spring, the second in winter, the third in summer and the lowest in autumn. The pattern of marine nematode assemblage was similar to that of the macrofaunal community on the mudflat in Shenzhen estuary. For example, both had low species number, low species diversity index and low richness index, and the dominant species appeared with high population density. The seasonal fluctuation of the nematode abundance showed almost the same pattern as the abundance of the polychaete, Tharyx sp. It appeared that the most dominant species of nematodes had a type of symbiotic relationship with Tharyx sp. This phenomenon may relate to their ecological habit because they live and breed in mudflats with high content of organic matter.