动物与植物种子更新的关系Ⅰ.对象、方法与意义

Relationship between animals and plant regeneration by seed Ⅰ. Object, methods and significance

大多数植物靠种子库来更新。种子从离开母体到建成幼苗的过程中始终受动物活动的影响。动物对种子既有取食消耗的不利一面 ,又有将其扩散到适于发芽的安全地点的有利一面 ,二者处于一种利弊权衡状态。研究动物与植物种子更新的关系 ,有助于揭示种群动态的机制 ,理解动物和植物之间协同进化的规律 ,了解生态系统演替及其组分之间的关系 ,认识取食种子的动物在生态系统中的作用 ,进而为生态系统维持和生物多样性保护提供科学依据及有效措施。目前对动物与森林更新关系的研究主要以栎、松等代表树种为研究对象。已知鼠类和鸟类是大型种子主要的捕食者和扩散者。

Most plants regenerate by seed bank. Animal activities affect seed fate from their departure from the parent plants to the establishment of seedlings. Animals play dual roles in plant regeneration, including consuming seeds and dispersing seeds to suitable sites for seedling recruitment. These two roles are trade_off. Studying the relationship between plant regeneration and animals will help to understand population dynamics, coevolution between animals and plants, community succession, the role of animals in ecosystem function and biodiversity. In recent studies, oaks and pines have been extensively studied species. It is well known that rodents and birds are the chief predators and dispersers for large seeds.