铁线莲属研究随记(Ⅲ)

Notes on the genus Clematis (Ranunculaceae)(Ⅲ)

(1 )在铁线莲属的 1 5个组 330余种中 ,只有绣球藤组sect.Cheiropsis的 5个种 (短梗铁线莲Clema tisbrevipesRehd .,美花铁线莲C .potaniniiMaxim .,绣球藤C .montanaBuch . Ham .exDC .,薄叶铁线莲C .gracilifoliaRehd .&Wils.和金毛铁线莲C .chrysocomaFranch .)的花与比自己原始的近缘属———银莲花属Anemone的花在构造上相近似 ,这表现在 :萼片水平开展 ,膜质 ,倒卵形 ,顶端圆形或圆钝 ,内面无毛 ,外面被柔毛 ,但边缘无狭的短绒毛带 ;雄蕊无毛 ,花丝条形 (linear)或狭条形 ,花药长圆形或狭长圆形 ,药隔顶端不突出 ,上述均是铁线莲属花的原始特征。在此属的其他种 ,可以看到萼片和雄蕊的形态发生了以下诸种变化 :萼片从平展变为斜上方开展或甚至直立 ,质地变厚 ,呈纸质 ,有时甚至呈革质 ,形状多少变狭长 ,呈倒卵状长圆形、长圆形、倒披针形、披针形、条形 ,甚至狭条形 ,顶端有时变为渐尖或渐狭 ,内面出现了或疏或密的柔毛 ,外面边缘出现了一条极狭的短绒毛带 ;在雄蕊方面 ,花丝全长由等宽变为不等宽 ,呈狭披针形或狭倒披针形 ,花药变狭长 ,呈条形或狭条形 ,药隔顶端出现了短或长的突起 ,花丝或花药或二者上出现了或多或少的柔毛。上述的形态变化当均属衍生特征 ;(2 )建立了绣球藤组sect.Cheiropsis?

The systematic positions of Clematis potaninii Maxim., C. heynei Rau, C. trichotoma Nakai, C. apiculata Hook. f. & Thoms, C. theobromina Dunn, C. sigensis Engler, C. hedysarifolia DC., and C. dissecta Baker, and the specific status of C. trifida Hook, C. pimpinellifolia Hook., C. oligophylla Hook., and Clematopsis lineariloba Hutch. are discussed; (2) New classifications for Clematis parviloba Gardn. & Champ., C. puberula Hook. f. & Thoms., and sect. Naraveliopsis Hand. Mazz. are provided; (3) Clematis subsect. Potaninianae M. Johnson, C.heynei M. Johnson, C. petelotii Gagnep. and some other names are reduced to synonymy; (4) Two subsections, 4 series, 4 species, and 4 varieties are described as new; (5) Four new ranks and 4 new combinations are made. [WT5HZ]